| 401 | St. Innocent I becomes pope (401-17) |
| 402 | Romans, under Flavius Stilicho (a Vandal), repel Visigoth invasion of Italy led by Alaric I, at the Battle of Pollentia. Emperor Honorius moves the capitol of the Empire to Ravenna. |
| 403 | Stilicho strips the western Roman frontier of forces, in attempt to contain Visigoth invasion of Italy, saving Italy but causing the Rhine frontier to collapse. Huge numbers of Vandals, Suebi, and Alan tribesmen flood across the Rhine frontier. Britain declares Constantine III as emperor, who ejects the invaders from Gaul. The invaders retreat into Spain, where the Suebi settle. |
| 405 | Stilicho repels barbarian invasion of Italy under Radagaisus in a battle near Fiesole. |
| 406 | The Vandals under Guderic invade Gaul. The Franks forbid them to settle, so in 409 A.D. they cross the Pyrenees Mountains into Spain, where they fight with Romans and Visigoths. |
| 406 | Honorius attacks Constantine III in Gaul, killing many of Constantine's troops and generals. The peasants rise in revolt, and Roman order in Gaul disintegrates. |
| 410 | Alaric I and the Visigoths sack Rome. The Visigoths leave with massive amounts of plunder, taking the Emperor's sister as hostage. Britain asks aid from Honorius, which he states he cannot give. Honorius tells Britain to look to its own defense. Roman control of Britain collapses. Arechaelogical evidence suggests, however, relatively peaceful conditions in Britain, with only minor Anglo-Saxon incursions up to 440 A.D. |
| 417 | St. Zosimus becomes pope (417-418) |
| 418 | St. Boniface I becomes pope (418-422) |
| 422 | St. Celestine I becomes pope (422-432) |
| 425 | Britain appears to have delegated defense to a Vortigern (overking). |
| 429 | The Vandals, living in Spain, pressed by the Goths, cross into Africa, where they defeat Roman general Boniface. By 435, the Vandals control most of Roman Africa. |
| 432 | Huns force Roman Emperor Theodosius to pay tribute. |
| 432 | St. Sixtus III becomes pope (432-440) |
| 434 | Attila the Hun enters treaty with Roman Emperor Theodosius II. |
| 435 | Vandals capture Tripolitania (Western Libya). |
| 439 | Vandals capture Carthage. Vandal pirates prey on Medeterranean shipping. |
| 440 | Myth suggests that Picts, Scotti or Irish attack Britain, prompting the Vortigern to invite Saxon leaders Hengest and Horsa to assist as foederati (barbarian allies), giving them in return the right to settle permanently with their families in various parts of Britain. |
| 440 | St. Leo I (the Great) becomes pope (440-461) |
| 441 | Attila invades Balkans, and devastates the city of Naissus. |
| 442 | Roman Emperor Valentinian III recognizes Gaiseric as an independent ruler. The Vandals develop a strong army and navy. |
| 445 | Archeological evidence shows massive settlement of Anglo-Saxons in Britain. |
| 446 | Roman-British inhabitants of Britain, attacked by Anglo-Saxons, send plea for help to Roman Emperor Aetius. British are pushed across the English Channel into the land of the Armoricans in northern Gaul, forcing them out of their homeland, and leading to the establishment of what is today called the Brittany province of France. |
| 447 | Attila attacks Roman empire. |
| 448 | Greek writer Priscus visits Atilla the Hun's headquarters. |
| 450 | Rome refuses to pay further tribute to Huns, so Huns invade Italy and Gaul. |
| 451 | Attila moves through Gaul, destroying the countryside and the city of Metz. Attila lays seige to Orleans, but the city is saved by the arrival of the Roman general Aetius, accompanied by Theodoric, King of the Goths. Attila retires to the plain of Moirey, where he is defeated at Maurica, the Battle of Chalon. Attila flees but Aetius does not give chase. |
| 452 | Attila invades northern Italy, razing the city of Aquileia, and devastating and depopulating the Po River Valley. Pope Leo I meets Atilla and convinces him to leave Italy. |
| 453 | Attila dies. |
| 455 | Vandals under Gaiseric sack Rome, taking Empress Eudoxia and her two daughters hostage. |
| 458 | British leader Aurelianus Ambrosius forces partial Saxon retreat to the east in Britain. |
| 461 | St. Hilarius becomes pope (461-68) |
| 468 | St. Simplicius becomes pope (468-83) |
| 476 | Heruli, Sciri and Rugli (Germanic) mercenaries of Rome revolt and declare Odoacer (Odovacar) king. Odoacer invades Italy, and defeats the Roman general Orestes at Piacenza. Odoacer captures Ravenna (the western Roman capitol) and deposes Western Roman Emperor Romulus Augustulus, who thus becomes the last Western Roman Emperor until Charlemagne (800 A.D.). Odoacer takes over as ruler of Italy. |
| 477 | Vandal King Gaiseric dies, and Vandal power declines. |
| 480 | Burgundy area of France invaded by the Burgundii, a tribe from Savoy. |
| 483 | St. Felix III (II) becomes pope (483-92) |
| 486 | Frank King Clovis I (Chlodovech) defeats Roman general Syagrius near Soissons, and executes him. Clovis I defeats and kills Alaric, King of the Visigoths, at Vouille, near Poitiers, France. |
| 488 | Upon the invitation of Byzantine Emperor Zeno, Theodoric the Great leads an Ostrogothic army into Italy to expel Odoacer. |
| 489 | Theodoric wins at Isonzo and Milan. |
| 490 | Theodoric wins at the Adda. |
| 492 | St. Gelasius I becomes pope (492-96) |
| 493 | Theodoric besieges and captures Ravenna. Theodoric enters into treaty with Odoacer to jointly rule Italy. Odoacer, his son and chief officers are invited to a banquet by Theodoric, where they are assassinated, initiating Theodoric's exclusive rule over northern Italy, which continues until his death in 526. |
| 495 | According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, "two princes, Cerdic and Cynric his son, came to Britain with five ships, arriving at the place which is called Cerdicesora, and the same day they fought against the Welsh." Legend suggests exploits by British, who fights Anglo-Saxons in Britain. Arthur is known at the time by the name Artorius. Arthur appears to have defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the Battle of Badon, or Mount Badon. This battle halts Anglo-Saxon advance in Britain for half a century. |
| 496 | Anastasius II becomes pope (496-98) |
| 498 | St. Symmachus becomes pope (498-514) |