intracellular vs extracellular fluid
phospholipids
hydrophilic [polar] vs hydrophobic [nonpolar]
cholesterol
membrane proteins
channels
selectivity
defective chloride channels and cystic fibrosis (CF) 2
carrier molecules
receptor sites
membrane-bound enzymes
filamentous elements and the cytoskeleton
recognition markers
fluid mosaic model
membrane carbohydrates
orienting and anchoring proteins
recognition markers
extracellular matrix as the biological “glue”
glycosaminoglycan gel
proteins
collagen
elastin
fibronectin
cell junctions
desmosomes (macula adherens)
tight junctions
gap junctions
connexons
permeability
impermeable
semipermeable
solubility
forces
passive forces
active forces and ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
diffusion down a concentration gradient (chemical gradient) 3
net diffusion
equilibrium state
movement along an electrical gradient
cations
anions
osmosis
solute
solvent
concentration
hydrostatic pressure
osmotic pressure
isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions
carrier-mediated transport
characteristics
specificity
saturation and the transport maximum ( Tm )
competition
facilitated diffusion
active transport uses “pumps”
phosphorylation at low-concentration side
ATPase activity
conformational shifts
dephosphorylation at high-concentration side
Na+-K+ ATPase (sodium-potassium pump)
phosphorylation of carrier on intracellular side
vesicular transport
endocytosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
exocytosis
| 1. | Compare and contrast facilitated diffusion and active transport. | |
| 2. | List and describe the functioning of various types of cell-membrane proteins. | |
| 3. | Describe what is meant by the “fluid-mosaic model” of the cell membrane. | |
| 4. | What is osmosis? Describe what happens to a cell when placed in isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic solution and why. |
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[ Anatomy & Physiology 1 syllabus ] [ Page created 19 July 1999 ][ Last update 03 October 2007 ] [ Questions about this lecture? E-mail me ] |