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Did you know....? The Northern government passed the first draft act in March,1863, almost a year later than the Confederates. This meant that all able-bodied males between the ages of 20 and 45 if unmarried, between 20 and 35 if married, were liable to serve for three years in the military. Although many men were exempted, that is, high federal and state officials, preachers and men already doing work vital to the war effort or were the sole support of a dependant family, many found themselves subject to these draft laws. At first, violent rioting in protest to the draft erupted in many parts of the country. New York City’s rioting was particularly bad. When the draft itself still did not bring enough soldiers to the field, the government added an incentive of a bounty to be paid to those who volunteered rather than wait to be drafted. This helped, but unfortunately there were some unscrupulous enough who did volunteer, enlist, take the bounty, then quickly desert and often reenlist some other place to collect another bounty. Another effort the Northern government tried was to offer the Union draftee who wanted to avoid military service an opportunity to hire a substitute to go to war in his place, or by paying a $ 300 bounty to the government. Many took advantage of this too, but the quality of the army replacements suffered as a result of this practice. And, too, there were voices of dissent to this as class favoritism to the upper class and eventually the practice of paying a bounty was repealed.

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THE DYING SOLDIER

(Anonymous)


Weary and worn to a skeleton form
He lay on a couch of pain,
And his wish at even, his prayer at morn
Were to visit his home again.

He talked of his mother far away,
And he talked of his lonely wife,
When the fever frenzied his burning head,
And loosened his hold of life.

He talked of his home, the fair free land,
The home of his childhood's play;
He talked of his babe, and the large tears fell
And rolled from his cheeks away.

We told him his feet might never again
Walk over his native sod,
But ere long they should tread the golden streets
at home in the city of God.

And we said though his eye should never behold
The forms of his earth's deep love,
He should wait for them there, by the life river fair,
In the garden of beauty above.

But he wept, and he talked of his burial lone
In a stranger's unnoticed bed,
That no rose by affection's hand would be trained
To wave o'er his grave when dead.

We told him that God would mark the spot
Where all of his children lay,
And not one of his loved ones be forgot
On the resurrection day.

But he sighed and whispered - "So long, so long,
So many long weary years!
And my lonely wife and little one
Alone in a vale of tears."

We told hm the Word of God had gone forth,
In truth and in holiness,
As the Friend of the widow's lonely life,
The Guide of the fatherless.

When death had stilled that loving heart,
Kind hands with gentle care
Had saved for her, that lonely wife,
One tress of his long, bright hair.

Then they wrapped the worn-out soldier's clothes
Round the martyred hero's breast,
And in his rude, unvarnished bed,
Laid him sadly, away to rest.

Not a hymn was sung, not a prayer was raised
Not a word of counsel said,
But the hireling's rude, uncareful hands
Piled the damp mould o'er his head.


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In 1866, in Washington, the Government Printing Office, published the volume "Message of the President of the United States to the Two Houses of Congress at the commencement of the first session of the 39th Congress, with the Reports of the Heads of the Departments." Edited by Ben:Perley Poore, Clerk of Printing Records. Within this Volume, the Annual Report of the Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton includes, among many facts, the following excerpts... The purchase and supply of the animals of the army pertains to the First Division of this office, of which Brevet Brigadier General James A. Ekin, of the Quartermaster's department, has charge. He reports purchases of cavalry horses during the year
ending Jun 30, 1865..............................................................141,632.
Total from January 1, 1864 to May 9, 1865,
at which time purchases ceased...............................................193, 386.
Of artillery horses, from September 1, 1864 to June 30, 1865,
purchases having ceased May 9...............................................20, 714.
Of mules, from July 1, 1864, to June 30 1975,
purchases having ceased May 9 ...............................................58,818.

The earliest purchases of horses delivered in Washington at the beginning of the war were at $ 125. Subsequently, for a time, horses were delivered here as low as $ 100. The price gradually advanced until the close of the war. The prices of Cavalry horses during the last fiscal year have varied from..........................$ 144 to $ 185.
Of Artillery horses.........................................................................$ 161 to $ 185.
Of mules.......................................................................................$ 170 to $ 195.
There have been sold at the depots since January 1, 1864, of cavalry horses..................................................................................................40,070.
There have died at these depots.............................................................38,277.
Artillery horses reported as having died at the depots,
September 1, 1864, to June 30, 1865.................................... ................434.
Mules sold September 1, 1864, to June 30, 1865..................................13,479.
Died at the depots at the same time..........................................................7,336.

The deaths reported occurred at depots principally among animals sent in from the field as broken down and unservicable. The destruction in the field was greater, probably nearly equalling the number supplied by purchase and capture, as neither the trains nor the cavalry of the armies have been materially increased during the last year of the war and the purchases have been almost entirely to supply losses. The issue of cavalry horses to the army of the Shenandoah, actively engaged under Major General Sheridan, have been at the rate of three remounts per annum. The service of a cavalry horse under an enterprising commander has therefore averaged only four months. Of the animals which are sent to the depots for recuperation, about sixty percent, recovered, and becoming serviceable, have again been issued. The reduction of the army has enabled the quartermasters department to dispense with large number of horses and mules, and to the 17th October 1865, the sales of animals are estimated to have produced $ 7,000,000. The teams and animals of the armies have, as during previous fiscal years, averaged about one wagon to twenty four men in the field, and one horse or mule to every two men.

Another excerpt found in Sec of War Stanton's report: An officer, with material and men, to mark the graves of our bretheren who fell victims to rebel barbarity at Andersonville, was despatched from Washington as soon as the country was opened to us, and reports that he has enclose the cemetery and marked the graves of 12, 912 soldiers buried therein. Of these, the captured records of the prison hospital enabled him to identify 12, 461, and their names were recorded upon head-boards, painted white, and planted at the head of their graves. On 451 graves he was compelled to put the sad inscription, "Unknown U.S. soldier." The list of the names is in course of publication.

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For statistics and information in regard to the colored troops, reference is invited to the accompanying report of the able chief of the Bureau for Colored Troops, attached to this office. The number at present retained in service is about 85,024, out of 186,097, the whole number, officers and men, mustered in since it was first decided to employ colored troops.

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Created by Don Hopke.
Updated on 2/1/2011