Romanticism        Music Listening Elements              Dr. Eaton

 

Melody(direction, step, leaps, smooth, sharp, symmetrical, predictable, singable, etc.)

The Linear or horizontal aspect of music.  It is the succession of musical pitches.  Usually related to an idea or musical statement.  Classically a question and answer but  often just a statement of idea.  This idea may be expressed as a short fragment(motive) which is then developed and transformed.

Rhythm (Pulse)

The movement of sound in time.  Indicated by pulses or beats which may be clear or very indistinct.  The pulses also may be clearly organized, regular, irregular, steady, variable etc..  The Character of the rhythm can dramatically change the effect of a melody.

Harmony (Tension and Release)

The vertical aspect of music.  The sounding of two or more sound simultaneously.  Sounds which appear to fit together are consonant and sound complete or relaxed.  Sounds which do not fit together are dissonant and cause tension and a sense of incompleteness.  Dissonance and tension are the "spice" of music.  The interplay of tension and release can have a major impact on the music.

Timbre (Color)

The unique quality of the sound.  This more than any other element may affect the overall emotional impact or attitude of the composition

Texture

The manner in which the melodic and harmonic elements are combined.  Is there more than one horizontal melodic movement happening simultaneously, are different things happening all at once or is the musical activity mostly focused on one element.

Dynamics (loud, soft)

Dynamics are always relative to what follows or precedes much the same as brightness in color depends largely on what other colors surround it.  Dynamic changes may be gradual, or sudden.  Dynamics are generally used for two primary purposes:  for contrast- to set one section or idea apart from the other

                  for emotional impact- for the sake of intensity and drama

Form (structure, clarity)

The manner in which the musical elements are organized.  Usually determined by repetition of musical material, restatement of ideas, creating sections, contrast etc.  Some pieces are very organized and sectional, others are not.

Attitude

What is the overall "feeling" about the piece.

Message

Does the composer have a message or do you sense a message.  What is the music trying to communicate.