Names of all 3 versions

Since the original Final Fantasy, translations has improved.  Listed below are the differences of the names. Notice that the PSX version names are very close to the original Japanese Translation for just about everything except some of the magic.

Notes:  Original NES Version is the Final Fantasy that was on Nintendo Entertainment System that was released in 1990; the Original Japanese Translation comes from the Japanese Version of Final Fantasy that Red Scarlet posted on GameFAQs; the NTSC U/C PSX version is the Final Fantasy Origins that was released in North America in 2003.

Page 1 - Besitary, Character Names, Town Names, and Magic

Weapons

Original NES Version Original Japanese Translation NTSC U/C PSX Version
Rapier Rapier Rapier
Short Sword Broadsword Broadsword
Scimtar Scimitar Scimitar
Saber Saber Saber
Silver Sword Mithril Sword Mythril Sword
Rune Sword Rune Blade Rune Blade
Were Sword Were Buster Werebane
Falchon Falchion Falchion
Dragon Sword Wyrm Killer Wyrmkiller
Long Sword Long Sword Long Sword
Coral Sword Coral Sword Coral Sword
Ice Sword Icebrand Ice Brand
Giant Sword Great Sword Claymore
Flame Sword Flame Sword Flame Sword
Defense Defender Defender
Vorpal Sharp Sword Vorpal Sword
Sun Sword Sun Blade Sunblade
Bane Sword Raise Sabre Venom Blade
Xcalber Excalibur Excalibur
Masmume Masamune Masamune
Small Knife Knife Knife
Large Knife Dagger Dagger
Silver Knife Mithril Knife Mythril Knife
Catclaw Cat Claw Cat Claws
Wooden Staff Staff Staff
Iron Staff Tin Staff Crosier
Power Staff Power Staff Power Staff
Heal Staff Heal Staff Healing Staff
Wizard Staff Wizard Staff Spellbinder
Mage Staff Mage Staff Mage's Staff
Iron Hammer Hammer Hammer
Silver Hammer Mithril Hammer Mythril Hammer
Thor Hammer Thor Hammer Thor's Hammer
Wooden Nunchaku Nunchaku
Iron Iron Nunchaku Iron Nunchaku
Hand Axe Battle Axe Battle Axe
Silver Axe Mithril Axe Mythril Axe
Great Axe Great Axe Great Axe
Light Axe Light Axe Light Axe

Armor

NES Version Original Japanese Translation NTSC U/C PSX version
Wooden Shield Leather Shield Leather Shield
Iron Shield Iron Shield Iron Shield
Silver Shield Mithril Shield Mythril Shield
Buckler Buckler Buckler
Flame Shield Fire Shield Flame Shield
Ice Shield Ice Shield Ice Shield
Opal Shield Diamond Shield Diamond Shield
Aegis Shield Aegis Shield Aegis Shield
ProCape Protect Mantle Protect Cloak
Cap Leather Hat Leather Cap
Wooden Helmet Helmet Helmet
Iron Helmet Big Helmet Grand Helm
Silver Helmet Mithril Helmet Mythril Helm
Ribbon Ribbon Ribbon
Opal Helmet Diamond Helmet Diamond Helm
Heal Helmet Heal Helmet Healing Helm
Cloth Cloth Shirt
Wooden Armor Leather Armor Leather Armor
Chain Armor Chain Mail Chain Mail
Iron Armor Iron Armor Steel Plate
Copper Bracelet Copper Armlet Copper Armlet
Silver Bracelet Silver Armlet Silver Armlet
Silver Armor Mithril Mail Mythril Mail
Steel Armor Knight Armor Knight's Armor
Gold Bracelet Ruby Armlet Ruby Armlet
Flame Armor Flame Mail Flame Mail
Ice Armor Ice Armor Ice Armor
Opal Bracelet Diamond Armlet Diamond Armlet
Opal Armor Diamond Armor Diamond Armor
Dragon Armor Dragon Mail Dragon Mail
Black Shirt Black Robe Black Robe
White Shirt White Robe White Robe
Gloves Leather Gloves Leather Gloves
Copper Glove Bronze Glove Bronze Gloves
Iron Glove Steel Glove Steel Gloves
Silver Glove Mithril Glove Mythril Gloves
Zeus Gauntlet Gauntlet Gauntlets
ProRing Protect Ring Protect Ring
Opal Glove Diamond Glove Diamond Gloves
Power Gauntlet Giant Glove Giant's Gloves

Item

NES Version Original Japanese Translation NTSC U/C PSX Version
Heal Potion Potion
Pure Antidote Antidote
Tent Sleeping Bag Sleeping Bag
Cabin Tent Tent
House Cottage Cottage
Soft Gold Needle Gold Needle

Key Items

NES Version Original Japanese Translation NTSC U/C PSX Version
Lute Lute Lute
Crown Crown Crown
Crystal Crystal Eye Crystal Eye
Herb Awake Drink Jolt Tonic
TNT Nitro Chemical Nitro Powder
Mystic Key Mystery Key Mystic Key
Ruby Star Ruby Star Ruby
Rod Earth Rod Earth Rod
Tail Rat Tail Rat's Tail
Floater Pumice Stone Levistone
Bottle Fairy Bottle Bottled Faerie
Oxyale Air Water Oxyale
Cube Warp Cube Warp Cube
Slab Rosetta Stone Rosetta Stone
Chime Chime Bell
Adamant Adamantite Adamantite
Canoe Canoe Canoe

Source: GameFAQS, Final Fantasy Origins Official Strategy Guide