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Court Decisions Regarding the ULC and Religions
| THE FIRST AMENDMENT
CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF
RELIGION, OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE THEREOF: OR ABRIDGING THE
FREEDOM OF SPEECH, OR OF THE PRESS; OR THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE
PEACEABLY TO ASSEMBLE, AND TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENT FOR A REDRESS
OF GRIEVANCES. |
| 'If there is any fixed star in our constitutional
constellation, it is that NO official, high or petty, can prescribe
what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion or other
matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their
faith therein, If there are ANY circumstances which permit an
exception, they do not now occur to us." United States Supreme
Court (1943) West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319
US 624. |
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF
CALIFORNIA vs. UNIVERSAL LIFE CHURCH, INC. Plaintiff MAR 1, 1974 -vs-
United States of America Defendant Civil No. S-1964 Order "From the
Findings of Fact, the Court concludes, as a matter of law, that the
plaintiff should prevail. Certainly, one seeking a tax exemption has the
burden of establishing his right to a tax-exempt status. An organization
qualifies for an exemption under 26 U.S.C. Sec. 501(c)(3) only if it is
'organized and operated exclusively for religious purposes.' * * *1 In the
defendant's Memorandum in Support of its requested Instructions, filed
February 28, 1973, 'the Government admits that the plaintiff passes the
'organizational test. '..."
"The Court must then address itself to the defendant's second
conclusion: that the ordination of ministers, the granting of church
charters and the issuance of Honorary Doctor of Divinity certificates by
the plaintiff are substantial activities which do not further any
religious purpose. Certainly the ordination of ministers and the
chartering of churches are accepted activities of religious organizations.
The defendant impliedly admits the same on Page 5 of its Memorandum in
Support of its Requested Instructions. The fact that the plaintiff
distributed ministers' credentials and Honorary Doctor of Divinity
certificates is of no moment. Such activity may be analogized to mass
conversions at a typical revival or religious crusade. Neither this Court,
nor any branch of this Government, will consider the merits or fallacies
of a religion. Nor will the Court compare the beliefs, dogmas, and
practices of a newly organized religion with those of an older, more
established religion. Nor will the Court praise or condemn a religion,
however excellent or fanatical or preposterous it may seem. Were the Court
to do so, it would impinge upon the guarantees of the First
Amendment..."
"IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the plaintiff be and is entitled to
a Federal Tax Exemption and to a refund of all monies levied against by
the defendant with interest thereon from the date of levy, March 19, 1970.
"IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the defendant's counterclaim be and is
dismissed and the plaintiff is entitled to recover the reasonable costs of
the suit herein. "IT IS ALSO ORDERED that the plaintiff submit and
appropriate judgment in accordance herewith. "Done and dated this
27th day of February, 1974." James F. Batten United States District
Judge
The latest victory came in the U.S. Appellate Court in Richmond, Va.
The court reversed a $160,000 judgment against the church. The plaintiff
in the suit was Sandra Lynch, who charged the church with fraudulently
representing that the church could perform a valid marriage license. The
federal court ruled that there was not a sufficient showing of fraud by
the church. Her action did not fall within the statute of limitations.
There was extensive testimony that Universal Life ministers had researched
the laws and found reasons to believe they could perform marriages. To
clear up the matter, the North Carolina Legislature passed a
"curative law" to legalize all such previous marriages. The
decision is one in a long string which the Universal Life Church has won
against legal attacks, including a number by the U.S. Internal Revenue
Service.
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